This report shows that poverty is both a cause and an effect of SEND and makes a series of recommendations, including:

• Policy-makers and school and early years leaders should prioritise SEND.
• Staff in schools and early years settings should be trained to identify needs so that they can be spotted early and over-identification and under-identification are reduced.
• Targeted funding for pupils with SEND who are at risk of exclusion should be provided so that schools can support them before they are excluded.